Porat: Regulation of rotational velocity

ADVISOR: Avraham Betser (1919-2003).
SYNOPSYS: The possibility of transferring power from a driving shaft that is rotating at a uniform speed to a driven shaft also rotating at a uniform speed, has been investigated in this thesis. The rotational speeds are different and independent of each other.

Two basic solutions to this problem exist:

The motion is transferred by mechanisms in which the speed ratio is enforced (toothed gears, etc.).
The motion is transferred by mechanisms having several degrees of freedom such that their speeds are determined by dynamic conditions. This category includes, among others, the DC electric motor and generator, which can be a good solution for those applications which permit its relatively large dimensions.

The purpose of this thesis consists of investigating the possibility of designing a torque converter operating on a dynamic principle, and examining its applications to the problem of regulating a driving system.

A general theory of power transfer within a non-divergent general mechanical system has been developed for this purpose. The system, in general, contains an arbitrary number of degrees of freedom of which two are applied to the driver and the driven mechanisms. It appears that the mechanical system has the characteristics of a differential. If a linear interconnection between speeds is maintained, the power transfer is achieved at a uniform moment ratio. As a consequence, at least three degrees of freedom are found to be required in order to transfer power from one shaft to the other at given rotational speeds. The adaptation of the third degree of freedom in accordance with the linear inter-connection requires a regulation process. This process can also be realized by means of friction. In this case, the qualities of the coupling properties are enhanced. It is then possible to couple two shafts at a certain speed ratio at high efficiency. The efficiency would decrease upon a change of the ratio. This solution, therefore, has its limitations.

Another solution to the motion transfer problem is proposed in this thesis, which utilizes a gyroscope and a rectifying system for the power output oscillations. The interesting point of this solution resides in the fact that the rectifying is performed by the coupling of shafts rotating at the same velocity. The coupling is therefore a frictionless mechanical one.

This solution is characterized by the following interesting properties: the stabilization of the working point, accumulation of braking energy, self-regulation of the speed in accordance with the load, slow coupling, and alternating the sense of rotation during motion.

Mechanical torque converters are preferable to electrical ones due to the possibility of transferring large amounts of power by relatively small-sized mechanisms. The limitations reside in high bearing loads and enforced vibrations

ABSTRACT IN HEBREW

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